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Meritocracy across Countries
Bandiera, Oriana; Kotia, Ananya; Lindenlaub, Ilse; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024
Are labor markets in higher-income countries more meritocratic, in the sense that worker-job matching is based on skills rather than idiosyncratic attributes unrelated to productivity? If so, why? And what are the aggregate consequences? Using internationally comparable data on worker skills and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014528414
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The Returns to Skills During the Pandemic : Experimental Evidence from Uganda
Alfonsi, Livia; Bassi, Vittorio; Rasul, Imran; Spadini, … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024
the pandemic, employment and earnings margins follow V-shaped dynamics, whereby the outcomes of treated (skilled) workers … our study sectors, and their total earnings are 17% higher. We explore supply- and demand-side mechanisms through which …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015056109
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Toward an Understanding of the Returns to Cognitive Skills Across Cohorts
Hellerstein, Judith K.; Luo, Sai; Urzua, Sergio - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024
Recent research concludes that wage returns to cognitive skills have declined in the U.S. We reassess this finding. Using decomposition methods, we document the pivotal role played by dynamic shifts in the distributions of pre-labor market cognitive skills. Our findings show these shifts explain...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014512083
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The Quality of Lower-Track Education : Evidence from Britain
Clark, Damon - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022
to zero impact on a range of labor market outcomes including earnings. Third, I show that lower-track schools featured …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013334393
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Supply, Demand, Institutions, and Firms : A Theory of Labor Market Sorting and the Wage Distribution
Haanwinckel, Daniel - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023
This paper builds a general equilibrium framework with firm and worker heterogeneity, monopsony power, and task-based production to quantify the long-run effects of education, biased demand shocks, and minimum wage. I take it to Brazilian data for 1998 and 2012 and find that (i) supply and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014322706
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Marginal Returns to Public Universities
Mountjoy, Jack - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024
This paper studies the causal impacts of public universities on the outcomes of their marginally admitted students. I use administrative admission records spanning all 35 public universities in Texas, which collectively enroll 10 percent of American public university students, to systematically...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014528336
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Material Incentives and Effort Choice : Evidence from an Online Experiment Across Countries
Davies, Elwyn; Fafchamps, Marcel - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022
We conduct an interactive online experiment framed as an employment contract between employer and worker. Subjects from the US, India, and Africa are matched in pairs within and, in some cases, across countries. Employers make a one-period offer to a worker who can either decline or choose a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013362026
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Individual Earnings and Family Income : Dynamics and Distribution
Altonji, Joseph G.; Hynsjö, Disa M.; Vidangos, Ivan - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022
We review research on the dynamics and distribution of individual earnings and family income. We start with univariate … earnings models, which dominate the literature and are often used as the exogenous component of family income in structural … model parameters. The recent work provides a much richer description of the nature of earnings volatility than the basic …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013210123
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Task Mismatch and Salary Penalties : Evidence from the Biomedical PhD Labor Market
Diethorn, Holden A.; Marschke, Gerald - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023
We use the labor market for doctorates in the biomedical sciences, where career dislocation is common, as a case study of skill-task mismatch and its consequences. Using longitudinal, worker-level data on biomedical doctorates, we investigate mismatch as an explanation for the negative pecuniary...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014226116
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Instrumental Variables with Unordered Treatments : Theory and Evidence from Returns to Fields of Study
Heinesen, Eskil; Hvid, Christian; Kirkebøen, Lars J.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022
these results, we estimate and compare the earnings payoffs to post-secondary fields of study in Norway and Denmark. In each …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013435136