) electronic payments system. We construct an equilibrium model of customer and bank adoption of ACH. We structurally estimate the …

fees, foreign fees and surcharges applied to transactions by customers at other than an own-bank ATM. Surcharging raises … typically not possible between a bank and a non-bank. A high cost of teller transactions modifies the tendency towards high ATM …

We develop a heterogeneous-agent model with local spatial markets to study the relationships among bank expansion … households across regions. We calibrate the model using a geographic information system to evaluate the rapid bank expansion in … potential role of digital banking in substantially reducing regional heterogeneity …

We study the impact of digital banking on the value of the deposit franchise and the stability of the banking sector …. Using the classification of digital banking in Koont (2023), we find that when the Fed funds rate increases, deposits flow … analysis to the case of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) and find that the reduced value of the deposit franchise can explain why SVB …

By comparing uncollateralized business loans made by a big tech lending program with conventional bank loans, we find … far before maturity and borrow more frequently. These patterns remain for borrowers with access to bank credit. Our …