addiction benefit because they can switch to a less harmful substance, but opponents argue that this could encourage abstainers … to begin using the harm reduction method or even the original addictive good. This paper builds on theories of addiction …

reinforcement and consumer-demand theory might be translated into effective strategies for reducing cocaine use. A broad range of …

. Demand theory suggests that mental illness would affect consumption if mental illness affected marginal utility. In addition …

illustrate applications of these approaches by surveying behavioral studies of policy problems involving saving, addiction, and …

, in that they are more likely to postpone earlier plans for retirement. The evidence and theory suggest that the negative …

restrictions implied by asset pricing theory. We treat the functional form of the habit as unknown, and to estimate it along with …

addiction. In contrast to prior research, we allow individuals to make their consumption decisions simultaneous with savings and … labor supply. When addictive goods have a stronger habit formation effect (an addiction effect'), individuals choose to save … less due to the anticipated adverse health consequences of addiction (a detrimental health effect'). This is particularly …