; ii) the impact of regulation; and iii) how bank closures exacerbated the post-war bust. The boom encouraged new bank … bank portfolios, while higher minimum capital requirements dampened the effects. Banks that responded most aggressively to … the asset boom had a higher probability of closing in the bust, and counties with more bank closures experienced larger …

1999, the markets were more sensitive to bank vulnerability and higher premiums were required …

Motivated by the regional bank crisis of 2023, we model the impact of interest rates on the liquidity risk of banks … valuable if depositors remain in the bank. This creates run incentives for uninsured depositors. We show that a run equilibrium … the bank. The liquidity risk of the bank thus increases with interest rates. We provide a formula for the bank's optimal …

panel database of South Dakota bank stockholders from 1910-1934 to study bank stockholder growth as well as its effect on … bank composition and risk. Overall, the average number of stockholders in a bank rose from 8 to 21 over the period with … with a subsequent increase in a bank's proportion of loans-to-assets, but no direct effect on bank closure outside of this …

their investors. We show the bank has to have a fragile capital structure, subject to bank runs, in order to perform these … functions. Far from being an aberration to be regulated away, the funding of illiquid loans by a bank with volatile demand … such as narrow banking and bank capital requirements …

fragility manifests itself in stronger sensitivity of deposit flows to bank performance. A deterioration in the aggregate … conditions in the banking system makes the fragility within each bank stronger. We run multiple tests to show that depositors …

recession. Consistent with the theory, the increase in bank credit in 2020Q1 and 2020Q2 came almost entirely from drawdowns by …-level measures of exposure to the COVID recession. Finally, we match the bank data to a list of participants in the Paycheck … Protection Program (PPP) and show that SME recipients of PPP loans reduced their non-PPP bank borrowing in 2020Q2 by between 53 …

the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) regulation, which compare a bank's liquid assets to its loss of cash in a stress …