panel database of South Dakota bank stockholders from 1910-1934 to study bank stockholder growth as well as its effect on … bank composition and risk. Overall, the average number of stockholders in a bank rose from 8 to 21 over the period with … with a subsequent increase in a bank's proportion of loans-to-assets, but no direct effect on bank closure outside of this …

We develop a framework to estimate bank franchise value. Contrary to existing models, sticky deposits and low deposit …

Motivated by the regional bank crisis of 2023, we model the impact of interest rates on the liquidity risk of banks … valuable if depositors remain in the bank. This creates run incentives for uninsured depositors. We show that a run equilibrium … the bank. The liquidity risk of the bank thus increases with interest rates. We provide a formula for the bank's optimal …

bank that can infuse liquidity cheaply may be motivated to intervene in the face of fire sales. If so, it can crowd out the …

process of interstate bank deregulation that lowered barriers to competition across U.S. states over the 1980s and 1990s with … facing each individual bank. We find that regulatory-induced competition reduced liquidity creation. Consistent with some …

-funded capital injections. However, on closer inspection the composition of bank capital shifted radically from one based on common …