Both investors and borrowers are concerned about liquidity. Investors desire liquidity because they are uncertain about … when they will want to eliminate their holding of a financial asset. Borrowers are concerned about liquidity because they … compensation for the illiquidity investors will be subject to. We argue that banks can resolve these liquidity problems that arise …

times; and (v) pay higher spreads, even conditional on other firm characteristics. We present a theory of loan terms that …'s prediction that small firms may be unable to access liquidity when large shocks arrive using data on drawdowns in the COVID … recession. Consistent with the theory, the increase in bank credit in 2020Q1 and 2020Q2 came almost entirely from drawdowns by …

Banks are unique among financial institutions because they are the cheapest source of liquidity in the economy. Banks … liquidity. Since the cost of reserves falls on all issuers of less liquid liabilities seeking access to payment services …, including non-bank intermediaries, reserves cannot represent a tax on the banking system alone …

We consider a model of liquidity demand arising from a possible maturity mismatch between asset revenues and … consumption. This liquidity demand can be met with either cash reserves (inside liquidity) or via asset sales for cash (outside … liquidity). The question we address is, what determines the mix of inside and outside liquidity in equilibrium? An important …

panics or ex ante contractual links between banks, we argue bank failures can shrink the common pool of liquidity, creating … or exacerbating aggregate liquidity shortages. This could lead to a contagion of failures and a possible total meltdown …, liquidity problems and solvency problems interact and can cause each other, making it hard to determine the root cause of a …

Banks can fail either because they are insolvent or because an aggregate shortage of liquidity can render them … insolvent. We show that bank failures can themselves cause liquidity shortages. The failure of some banks can then lead to a … links between banks but because bank failure could lead to a contraction in the common pool of liquidity. There is a …

more than long-term credit. Firms responded by cutting their short-term loans for liquidity management purposes and …, firms increase cash and cut investment. Thus, trade credit offers a substitute source of liquidity that can insulate some … firms from bank liquidity shocks …

failure of other institutions. The reason is that agents in need of liquidity tend to concentrate their holdings in banks …. Thus, a shock to banks disproportionately affects the agents who need liquidity the most, reducing aggregate demand and the …

Can banks maintain their advantage as liquidity providers when they are heavily exposed to a financial crisis? The … deposit rates and inflows during the 2007-09 crisis. Our results indicate that the role of the banking system as a stabilizing … liquidity insurer is not one of the passive recipient, but of an active seeker, of deposits. We find that banks facing a funding …

assets to survive runs. Regulation similar to the liquidity coverage ratio and the net stable funding ratio (that are soon be …