Such institutions as patent systems cannot be well understood without an assessment of technological creativity in …. Accordingly, this paper offers an empirical comparison of patents in relation to the award of prizes for technological innovation … unpredictable, and was unrelated to such proxies for the productivity of the innovation as inventive capital or the commercial …

information about cooperative licensing and the timing of patent allowances (the administrative event when patent rights are … significantly increases after patent allowance. Moreover, the impact of the patent system depends on the strategic and institutional … environment in which firms operate. Patent allowance seems to play a particularly important role for technologies with longer …

pharmaceutical patent protection alone does not stimulate domestic innovation, as estimated by the US patent awards (both raw counts …Research on the effects of patent protection on innovation and technology transfer in the cross-country pharmaceutical … either. Imports, however, did flourish. Second, national patent law implementation demonstrates conditional importance for …

In public sector procurement, social welfare often depends on the time taken to complete the contract. A leading …

procurement in the public sector are discussed …

This paper tests whether demand shocks affect firm dynamics. We examine whether firms that win government procurement … procurement contracts over the period of 2004 to 2010. Exploiting a quasi-experimental design, we find that winning at least one …

resources on low quality projects at year's end. We test these predictions using data on procurement spending by the U …