and demand. Supply disruptions turn out to be a bigger factor in historical oil price movements and inventory accumulation … a significant lag, whereas shocks to oil demand do not …

This paper develops a structural VAR model to measure how a shock to one country can affect the GDP of other countries …. It uses trade linkages to estimate the multiplier effects of a shock as it is transmitted through other countries' output …-trade matrix. For example, due to these output-multiplier effects, a shock to one country can have a large impact on countries that …

crisis, we observe (not estimate) limit order demand and supply curves for individual stocks. Both curves have demonstrably … and demand elasticities correlate negatively at high frequencies. That is, when a stock exhibits an unusually elastic … demand curve, it tends simultaneously to exhibit an unusually inelastic supply curve, and vice versa. These findings have …

of a stock market wealth shock when monetary policy is passive. A 20% increase in stock valuations, unless countered by … shock …

greater financial fragility among lower-income earners. We also construct a new county-level uncertainty shock and find that …