of the exercise of de jure and de facto political power. A change in political institutions, for example a move from … nondemocracy to democracy, alters the distribution of de jure political power, but the elite can intensify their investments in de … facto political power, such as lobbying or the use of paramilitary forces, to partially or fully offset their loss of de …

Aboriginal rights and title, which have dramatically increased bargaining power and, consequently, income growth in non …

density before colonization), and between contracting institutions and the identity of the colonizing power. Using this …

to provide some answers to this question. Political institutions determine the allocation of political power, and … political power, the elite, choose policies to increase their income and to directly or indirectly transfer resources from the … factor prices, and to impoverish other groups competing for political power. The elite's preference over inefficient policies …

differences in the power structure of society: (1) the Ruler enjoyed weaker absolute power in Europe; (2) the People were more on … par with the Elites in China in terms of power and rights. Based on these narratives, we build a game-theoretical model … and analyze how the power structure can shape the stability of an autocratic rule. If we read greater absolute power of …

system, and second, that presidents have more power with respect to their own coalition than prime ministers do. These … setting power to another group. We argue that the model is consistent with a great deal of qualitative information about …