There is growing concern about a decline in the total fertility rate worldwide, but nowhere is the concern greater than … generate incentives for individuals to reduce not just the fertility rate within families, but also the incentive to form … fertility rates. Our results show that the impact of social security on these variables has been non-trivial. Our calibrated …

examines the relationship between population change and economic development in particular regions of the world: East Asia …; Japan; OECD, North America and Western Europe; South-central and Southeast Asia; Latin America; Middle East and North Africa …, combined with reduced fertility and increases in the working-age population, have contributed to economic growth in some areas …

We analyze the effect of fertility on income per capita with a particular focus on the experience of Europe. For … European countries with below-replacement fertility, the cost of continued low fertility will only be observed in the long run …. We show that in the short run, a fall in the fertility rate will lower the youth dependency ratio and increase the …

large increase in its DR because its fertility rate is low, its people are long lived and it has little immigration …. Fertility is the largest of the contributors in Japan. If there are no demographic changes in Japan, the DR will be 0.88 by 2050 … dependency ratio (DR), is currently about 0.64. In the immediate pre-WWII era it was even higher because Japan's total fertility …

fertility rates in major U.S. cities between 1929 and 1940. We estimate the effects using a variety of specifications and … death, while contributing to increases in the general fertility rate. Estimates of the relationship between economic …

affects fertility …