) originations. Key factors include the local presence of other community banks and the continuity of the consolidating bank … acquires a community bank without maintaining a local presence. Post-consolidation, community banks emerge larger and more …Our research examines the impact of dwindling community bank numbers on community investment and economic development …

This paper finds that banks and non-banks respond differently to increased competition in consumer credit markets …. Increased competition and the greater threat of failure induces banks to specialize more in relationship business lending, and … surviving banks are more profitable. However, non-banks change their credit policy when faced with more competition and expand …

findings. Using data on national banks from the 1920s and 1930s, we show that branch banking increases competition and forces … strengthening the branch banks themselves. Our empirical results suggest that the effects that branching had on competition were …It is often argued that branching stabilizes banking systems by facilitating diversification of bank portfolios …

We investigate how communication within banks affects small business lending. Using travel time between a bank … evaluate the impact of within bank communication costs on small business loans. Consistent with Stein's (2002) model of the … transmission of soft information across a bank's hierarchies, we find that reducing headquarters-branch travel time boosts small …

banks impacted by the real estate prices collapse systematically contracted their credit to all small firms throughout the U ….S.. However, healthy banks expanded their operations and entered new banking markets. The market share gain of these banks was a …

effects from cross-border bank takeovers with those of cross-border lending by banks located overseas, which in most cases … with FDI while the rates banks charge to borrowers are largely unchanged or actually fall. We contrast the competitive …

By comparing uncollateralized business loans made by a big tech lending program with conventional bank loans, we find … far before maturity and borrow more frequently. These patterns remain for borrowers with access to bank credit. Our … needs. Through this model, big tech lending facilitates credit to borrowers underserved by banks without experiencing more …

relationship banks gather information on their borrowers, which allows them to provide loans for profitable firms during a crisis …. Due to the services they provide, operating costs of relationship- banks are higher than those of transaction-banks. In … our model, where relationship-banks compete with transaction-banks, a key result is that relationship-banks charge a …

aggregation. Our approach exploits differences in the responsiveness of loan rates to bank funding costs and is supported by … historical evidence and theoretical arguments. The new measure reveals that bank suspensions' marginal impact on economic …