between urbanization and trends in aggregate economic structure, such as industrialization; and changes in the internal …

Middle East and North Africa, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa) between 1870 and 2007. We find that although the roots of rapid … peripheral industrialization stretch into the late 19th century, the high point of peripheral industrialization was the 1950 …-1973 period, which saw widespread import- substituting industrialization. This period was also the high point of unconditional …

Africa. But employment in African manufacturing has grown rapidly over the past 20 years. These employment gains have been … (iii) robust labor productivity growth in Africa's large firms. Limited employment growth in Africa's large manufacturing … manufacturing to raise living standards in Africa depends on indirect job creation by large firms through backward and forward …

Africa's recent growth performance has raised expectations of a bright economic future for the continent after decades … of decline. Yet there is a genuine question about whether Africa's growth can be sustained, and if so, at what level. The … industrialization, seem to be operating at less than full power. If African countries do achieve growth rates substantially higher, they …

-specific pre-colonial institutions in shaping comparative regional development in Africa. We utilize information on the spatial …