funds. We use data from Brazil's federal legislature, which grants each federal legislator a budget to fund public projects …

In this paper I analyze whether international trade contributes to per capita income convergence across countries. The … dispersion, in each case I use a difference-in-differences' approach which compares the convergence pattern among the … liberalizing countries before and after liberalization with the convergence pattern among randomly chosen control countries before …

The recent literature on cross-country convergence of per capita income has largely ignored international trade. The … reason might be perspective. Most convergence papers frame the analysis in a `Solow world' in which countries exist … capita income convergence and international trade. First, I briefly summarize a few interesting recent papers which have …

In an 80-country panel since the 1960s, the convergence rate for per capita GDP is around 1.7% per year. This "beta … convergence" is conditional on an array of explanatory variables that hold constant countries' long-run characteristics. The … introduction of country fixed effects generates a much higher-and, I argue, misleading-convergence rate. In a much longer time …

evolved from "backward" to an agricultural powerhouse. Its production and total factor productivity more than doubled. Brazil …

/capita, shares in world trade and market capitalization attributable both jointly and single to China, India, and Brazil (the three … Brazil. Our calculations show that the majority of the change occurs from growth in these three economies, and the most from …