scientists and engineers without asking whether the educational system provides that supply response necessary for these … illustrate the path not taken, the paper considers specific programs that could increase the numbers of scientists and engineers …

bias. Specifically, prior to accepting a specific job offer, many scientists receive multiple job offers, making it … possible to calculate the wage- Science curve for individual scientists, controlling for ability level. The methodology is … researcher fixed effects. The paper's conclusion, then, is that, conditional on scientific ability, scientists do indeed pay to …

and publications, for 83,000 American scientists in 1956 at the height of the baby boom. Our analyses reveal a unique life …-cycle pattern of productivity for mothers. While other scientists peak in their mid-thirties, mothers become more productive after … 15 years of marriage, while other scientists peak in the first 10 years. Differences in the timing of productivity have …

both groups of scientists use many of the same basic mathematical tools, the models they develop to inform policy tend to …

American scientists in the period 1960-1970 …