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Rethinking the Informal Economy and the Hugo Effect
Pappadà, Francesco; Rogoff, Kenneth S. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023
This paper offers a new approach to measuring the size of the informal economy based on VAT data for the European Union. Although data intensive, our EVADE measure is simpler and more transparent than existing measures. EVADE also shows more variation across countries of Europe than earlier...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014447284
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Enforcement Problems and Secondary Markets
Broner, Fernando A. - 2007
There is a large and growing literature that studies the effects of weak enforcement institutions on economic performance. This literature has focused almost exclusively on primary markets, in which assets are issued and traded to improve the allocation of investment and consumption. The general...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012465088
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Social Networks as Contract Enforcement : Evidence from a Lab Experiment in the Field
Chandrasekhar, Arun G. - 2014
Absence of well-functioning formal institutions leads to reliance on social networks to enforce informal contracts. Social ties may aid cooperation, but agents vary in network centrality, and this hierarchy may hinder cooperation. To assess the extent to which networks substitute for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012458407
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The Unofficial Economy and Economic Development
Porta, Rafael La - 2008
inconsistent with the romantic and parasite views, but supports the dual view. In this "Walmart" theory of economic development …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012464127
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Campaign Connections
Bazzi, Samuel; Labanca, Claudio - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023
This paper explores the labor market returns to working on a victorious political campaign. Using unique administrative data from Brazil, we track the earnings and employment of campaign workers before and after close elections spanning nearly 20 years. We identify sizable returns to working for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014287384
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The Economic Theory of Public Enforcement of Law
Polinsky, A. Mitchell - 1999
This article surveys the theory of the public enforcement of law -- the use of public agents (inspectors, tax auditors …, police, prosecutors) to detect and to sanction violators of legal rules. We first present the basic elements of the theory … examine a variety of extensions of the central theory, concerning accidental harms, costs of imposing fines, errors, general …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471807
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A Note on Optimal Public Enforcement with Settlements and Litigation Costs
Polinsky, A. Mitchell - 1986
This note reexamines the theory of optimal public enforcement when litigation costs are incurred if the defendant is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012476955
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Private versus Public Enforcement of Fines
Polinsky, A. Mitchell - 1979
The present paper analyzes the competitive, monopolistic, and public enforcement of fines allowing for the costs of enforcement to differ by the choice of the enforcer. There are a number of reasons to expect such differences. First, the benefits from coordinating enforcement -- for example,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012478810
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The Private Enforcement of Law
Landes, William M. - 1974
An important question in the economic study of enforcement is the appropriate, and the actual, division of responsibilities between public and private enforcers. This question has been brought into sharp focus recently by an article in which Gary Becker and George Stigler advocate the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479061
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Citizen Rights and the Cost of Law Enforcement
Reder, Melvin - 1973
There is an inherent tension between the idea that individuals have certain inalienable (natural) rights and the economist's postulate that the rate if utilization of anything whose production requires scarce resources must be limited by considerations of opportunity cost. Remarks about rights...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479113