household work. These gender inequalities are accompanied by weaker political participation among women. While the historical … higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively …

findings highlight that alleviating commuting costs does not uniformly boost women's labor participation, as gender roles and …Reducing gender-specific commuting barriers in developing countries has complex and diverse effects on women's labor … dynamics. We study a program that offers free bus rides for women in several Indian states (the Pink Slip program) using a …

The recession induced by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major declines in employment of women, both from the demand … facilities. We provide projections of possible impacts of this reduction on less-educated women's future human capital framed … modest on average but larger for married women than for unmarried women and for those working in COVID-impacted industries …

, immigrant workers allow high-skilled native women to reduce their unpaid household production and increase their participation …-skilled women, are disproportionately represented in the household services sector, a global phenomenon that is seen to some extent … supply of high-skilled native women, has helped narrow the gender earnings gap in high-paying powered occupations, and that …

This research provides a status-based explanation for the persistent increase in female labor force non-participation … in developing economies can signal their wealth, and thereby increase their social status, by withdrawing their women …

aimed at reducing the over-prescribing of opioids on women's wellbeing by examining its effects on intimate partner violence … generated a downstream benefit for women by significantly reducing their overall exposure to IPV and IPV-involved injuries by 9 …

Billions of women still face legal barriers to economic inclusion, yet it is unclear whether lifting these barriers is … sufficient to enhance their economic participation. We conduct a field experiment to quantify the impact of a major legal reform … - the lifting of the Saudi women's driving ban - on women's employment by randomizing rationed spaces in driver's training …

Women enter retirement having spent fewer years in market work, earned less over their lifetimes, and worked in … many women end up with lower levels of retirement income in old age. We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which … largely between nonmarried men and women. Multivariate models show that 85 percent of this retirement income gap can be …

participation overall is extremely low. Second, although extensive margin participation of women is high in sub-Saharan Africa … particular implications for women's time use. In this paper, we document that current patterns of female time use in home … about women's time use in Africa. First, in North Africa, women spend very few hours in market work and female labor force …

In this paper we examine the economic and family determinants of married women's retirement behavior. A model of wives …' retirement decisions is developed and tested empirically using data on working married women. Estimated response parameters are …