we do not know whether hospital quality indicators are causal or biased. We evaluate the validity of commonly used … where hospital closures reallocate large numbers of patients to hospitals of different quality. This setting allows us to … measure whether patient outcomes improve as much as quality indicators predict when a relatively low-quality hospital closes …

comparable clinical quality across hospital types. How specialty hospitals can maintain such a price premium remains an open …

available quality measures, and (2) apply this method to estimating the quality of hospital care for elderly patients with heart …

yields far more accurate estimates of hospital quality than previously available. We find that, on average, for …

Amenities such as good food, attentive staff, and pleasant surroundings may play an important role in hospital demand … patient perspective, hospital quality therefore embodies amenities as well as clinical quality. We also find that a one …-standard-deviation increase in amenities raises a hospital's demand by 38.4% on average, whereas demand is substantially less responsive to …

financial health affect different aspects of hospital operation. In our study, we analyze this issue focusing on hospital access … account both hospital's current and past financial health as well as their expected financial outlook (i.e., whether there is …

increase costs. We illustrate our argument with examples taken from the insurance and the hospital industries, and discuss …