arise when monitoring corruption is difficult relative to monitoring the provision of public services, and politically …-important groups of citizens do not bear the full cost of corruption. The existence of such systems can distort the effective incidence … of the tax burden, reduce the incentives of government to fight corruption, and legitimize bribe-taking …

accurate test. The results indicate that equality holds strongly for the most developed country in the sample (Zimbabwe), but …

Although the theoretical literature on corruption is well developed, empirical work in this area has lagged because it … has proven difficult to isolate corrupt behavior in the data. In this paper, we look for evidence of corruption in an … stables play a role in facilitating the corruption. In times of increased media scrutiny, the match rigging disappears …

This paper offers a new interpretation of the connection between openness and good governance. Assuming that corruption … display lower corruption in equilibrium. In data, naturally more open economies' do exhibit less corruption even after taking …

less corrupt governments receive more foreign aid. On the contrary, according to some measures of corruption, more corrupt … governments receive more aid. Also, we could not find any evidence that an increase in foreign aid reduces corruption. In summary …

reduce the effective red tape it faces. The efficient grease' hypothesis asserts therefore that corruption can improve …

Corruption and imperfect contract enforcement dramatically reduce trade. This paper estimates the reduction, using a …

, municipal wages, and (unobserved) corruption are all predicted to rise under a patronage based regime. But in a city, patronage …