will be affordable. In this paper, I present the facts about how much accountability costs. The facts are, fortunately …, highly knowable because costs show up both as expenditures on government budgets and as revenues on companies' (mainly test … makers') accounts. Moreover, it turns out that worrying about measurement error in the cost data is pointless. The costs of …

than the cost of being underlevered and that expected default costs constitute approximately half of the total ex ante cost …

are followed by an abnormal reduction in profitability, (iii) the new equity capital raised upon listing is not used to …

conventional interpretation, but consistent with empirical findings, increases in current or future profitability reduce the …

This paper evaluates various explanations for the profitability of momentum strategies documented in Jegadeesh and …

This paper examines the impact of unionization on profit- ability, growth and productivity using time series data on … negative union effects on profitability, but growth, productivity and the capital-labor ratio appear to be little affected by … may have longer term implications for efficiency since the impact on profitability appears to fall most heavily on firms …

The purpose of this paper is to treat scale economies, profit-maximizing markups, economic profitability, capacity … run profit potential from markup behavior. As a result, on average economic profits are normal, but declining … profitability is prevalent in most industries since the early 1970s. Also, although cost and revenue shares tend to be approximately …