This paper studies the economic consequences of the West's foray into China after the Opium War (1839-42), when Western … nature of China's capital markets. Whereas before the Opium War, coastal cities were of relatively minor importance, the … treaty port system of the West transformed China into an economy focused on coastal areas and on international trade that …

over a single generation. China now seems poised to follow a similar trajectory. All three cases highlight the importance …

We discuss business cycles in ancient China. Data on Ancient China business cycles are sparse and incomplete and so our … years for OECD countries and with major focus on the 1990's. Here we also probe material on Ancient China to see what is …

This paper is the first chapter in the Oxford Companion to the Economics of China (Oxford University Press, forthcoming …). Rather than trying to summarize other contributors' views, we provide our own perspectives on the Economics of China …--the past experience and the future prospects. Our reading of China's economic development over the past 35 years raises two …

-century China's most important wars. Our identification strategy exploits the locality-time-content variation in the circulation of …

numbers of potential donors. We evaluate a charity subscription program operated by Alibaba, China's largest retail platform … 2 million Alibaba sellers and generated 1.2 billion yuan of charitable funds, representing one of China's largest online …