composition of teacher workforce, and that program benefits far exceeded its costs. We propose mechanisms for observed long …

A fundamental question for education policy is whether outcomes-based accountability including comprehensive educator … achievement. We use synthetic control methods to study the comprehensive teacher and principal evaluation and compensation systems …-reaching reform, educator evaluations that are used to support teacher growth and determine salary depend on a combination of …

education quality in the aggregate. We estimate the model using student-level data from North Carolina. We find that North …

' treatment variables are instruments for the unobserved fixed effects. We apply our proposed estimator to matched student-teacher … data used to estimate value-added models of teacher quality. We show that the common assumption that the return to … unobserved teacher quality is the same for all students is rejected by the data. We also present evidence that No Child Left …

estimate selection-corrected place effects on education for children of Black migrants. On average, Black children gained 0 …

education in the four-year sector, is 12 percentage points more likely to earn a bachelor's degree, and eventually earns 5 … for the marginal students themselves, 10-12 percent for society (which must pay for the additional education), and 3 …