Cities are shaped by transportation infrastructure. Older cities were anchored by waterways. Nineteenth century cities … value of investing in transportation infrastructure. Future transportation innovations, including autonomous vehicles and …

U.S. cities invested heavily in water and sewer infrastructure throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These …. We show that segregated cities invested in water infrastructure earlier but were slower to reach universal access and …

interaction of those forces influenced water and sanitary infrastructure provision during the 19th and early 20th centuries. I … show the sharp link between infrastructure investments and declines in waterborne disease and discuss how that relationship … the benefits of infrastructure investment far exceeded the costs …

, suggesting a painful tradeoff between dictatorship and disorder. A simple model suggests that private provision of infrastructure …

their chores, possibly at the expense of time they spend doing schoolwork. Imperfect infrastructure appears to burden the …