the significant role of customized proxy advice in shaping shareholders' voting decisions. About 80% of funds receive … plays two key roles. First, it helps shareholders express their ideologies through the vote. Second, it facilitates … shareholders' decision-making process by reducing the need to pay attention to every proposal individually and enabling focus on …

Eurozone countries today) and two - Finland and Sweden - after floating the currency … driver of growth was exports. In Ireland this occurred because the sterling coincidentally appreciated. In Finland and Sweden … detailed case studies, two - Denmark and Ireland - undertaken under fixed exchange rates (the most relevant case for many …

. In some cases shareholders are pushing companies to take actions that may reduce market value. It is hard to understand …

work on shareholders and shareholder activism, directors, executives and their compensation, controlling shareholders …

position to benefit themselves at the expense of minority shareholders -- were endemic to corporations in the late …, however, was to give controlling shareholders the power to extract more than their fair share of their enterprise's profits …

important in curbing these private benefits. A high degree of statutory protection of minority shareholders and high degree of …

an information ea between management and outside shareholders. In the presence of such a gap, maximizing short-run and … actions that will reduce long-run value. In such a case, management faces the dilemma of which shareholders to please: those …

shareholders from the complex, pyramidal, and often obscure corporate structures. First, we show that there are large differences …