bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by fintechs …

In recent years, assets of non-bank financial intermediaries (NBFIs) have grown significantly relative to those of …. We argue instead that NBFI and bank businesses and risks are so interwoven that they are better described as having … contingent liquidity risk from the provision of credit lines to NBFIs; and (iii) Empirical work confirms bank-NBFI linkages …

widespread stress, with adverse affects on bank intermediation thereafter. We discuss the bank capital and the bank funding … conclude by discussing the increasing extension of bank credit lines to non-bank financial intermediaries, as well as the role …

exposure in bad times. We apply this idea to bank risk measurement. We find that banks with high accounting return on equity … triggered by the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank. ROE predicts systematic tail risk much better than conventional measures based …

bank funding costs. We show that credit supply is dampened by the associated debt-overhang cost to bank shareholders. Until … offset if drawdowns are expected to be left on deposit at the same bank, which happened at some of the largest banks during …

Now in prospect is a major revision of international bank capital regulations that would embody recent advances in … increase in bank failure rates over time …