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-varying probability of a long-run switch to silver, require a different model of speculative attack from the standard approach which … rates were higher than nominal interest rates during the 1870s, and lower than nominal interest rates during the silver … depreciated silver standard. (3) Expected deflation in the 1870s accounts for the apparent weakness of the procyclicality of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012474802
what extent was the Chinese foreign exchange market efficient during this period? We estimate silver points for the … costs of the silver trade derived from contemporary accounts, and fare well in the comparison to estimates of trans …, during and immediately after World War I, our estimates of the silver points increased appreciably, foreshadowing the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012455933
The conversion of brown office buildings to green apartments can contribute towards a solution to three pressing issues: oversupply of office in a hybrid-and-remote-work world, shortage of housing, and excessive greenhouse gas emissions. We propose a set of criteria to identify commercial office...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014337764
The 1990s were an unusually good decade for the largest American cities and, in particular, for the cities of the Midwest. However, fundamentally urban growth in the 1990s looked extremely similar to urban growth during the prior post-war decades. The growth of cities was determined by three...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012470363
The United States transformed itself from a rural to an urban society over the last three centuries. After a century of unremarkable growth, the pace of urbanization was historically unprecedented between the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In the twentieth century, the urban...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471674
Will improvements in information technology eliminate face-to- face interactions and make cities obsolete? In this paper, we present a model where individuals make contacts and choose whether to use electronic or face-to-face meetings in their interactions. Cities are modeled as a means of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473286
Recent research has shown that industries that locate together in space also move together over the business cycle, and that this correspondence between spatial and temporal comovement is important to aggregate volatility. This paper asks whether this correspondence is due to local common shocks...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473566
In the last decade, most states have targeted certain depressed areas for revitalization by providing a combination of labor and capital tax incentives to firms operating in the "enterprise zone" (EZ). Despite the large number of state initiatives, and the frequent re-introduction of federal EZ...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012475039
The evolution of inequality in permanent income is investigated during the course of a less developed country's transformation from a primarily agricultural to a primarily urban-industrial economy. The source of inequality is market luck in obtaining employment in the protected urban "formal...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012475247
We study how an aggregate bank flow shock impacts German cities' GDP growth depending on the state of their local real estate markets. Identification exploits a policy framework assigning refugees to cities on a quasi-random basis and variation in non-developable area for the construction of a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479343