-biased stopping rules imply that estimates of the effect of gender on parental investments are likely to be biased because girls …

in life. This paper evaluates the parental response to variation in non-cognitive skills among their children in rural … Gansu province, China, employing a household fixed effects specification; non-cognitive skills are defined as the inverse of …). The results suggest that on average, parents invest no more in terms of educational expenditure in children who have …

than sons. Although China's hukou mobility restrictions are not gender-specific in intent, they have larger adverse effects …About 11% of the Chinese population are rural-urban migrants with a rural hukou that severely restricts their children …'s access to urban schools. As a result, 69 million children are left behind in rural areas. We use two regression …

and 1,460 children younger than 1 year of age were assessed at baseline. The interventions were also complemented with … training, supervision and coaching of FAMI program facilitators. We assessed program effects on children's nutritional status … reduction of 5.8 percentage points in the fraction of children whose height-for-age is below -1 standard deviation. We do not …

household heads, care-givers of children, and their teachers and schools. We analysed results from 9,947 children, aged 7 …-17, tested for literacy and numeracy competency. Only 27% of children were able to add two single digits, and just 19% were able … to read and comprehend a simple word. Our unannounced school checks found 72% of enrolled children in grades 1 …

childhood investments, and their children's outcomes. To do so, we elicit ambiguity attitude and risk aversion preference … mothers' investment in nutrition of their children between the ages of 0-6, we find a robust and stable positive correlation … averse the mother, the greater her investments. Such investments are correlated with better children's cognitive and non …

and test scores among all children, eliminates the 21 percentage point gender disparity in enrollment, and dramatically …We conduct a randomized evaluation of the effect of village-based schools on children's academic performance using a … sample of 31 villages and 1,490 children in rural northwestern Afghanistan. The program significantly increases enrollment …

, focusing on children in Afghanistan, a country deeply affected by prolonged violent conflict. Using data from the 2022 …. Our findings reveal significant gender disparities, with girls exposed in utero demonstrating substantially worse … interventions that address the unique vulnerabilities of children in conflict-affected regions …

children's health. We do find, however, that focusing on gender-inclusive economic variables obscures the extent to which the … labor market affects children. Specifically, we find evidence that improvements in labor market conditions facing women are …

gap in neonatal health. We conclude that the gender gap among black children is larger than among white children in …Using birth certificates matched to schooling records for Florida children born 1992-2002, we assess whether family …. Evidence supports that this is a causal effect of the post-natal environment; family disadvantage is unrelated to the gender …