A pervasive problem in the literature on the health costs of pollution is that optimizing individuals may compensate … for increases in pollution by reducing their exposure to protect their health. This implies that estimates of the health … effects of ozone on respiratory related health conditions using daily boat arrivals and departures into the two major ports of …

determinant of shipping costs. Improving port efficiency from the 25th to the 75th percentile reduces shipping costs by 12 percent ….S. markets than import tariffs. We investigate the determinants of shipping costs to the U.S. with a large database of more than … world. Distance volumes and product characteristics matter. In addition, we find that ports efficiency is an important …

cost to health …

results imply that public health policy that reduced childhood lead levels in the 1990s was responsible for modest but … standardized tests by 1 to 2 percentage points. Public health policy targeting lead thus has clear potential to improve academic …

and health technologies in real-world settings where behavior may temper impacts, and to test them over a long enough …It is conventional wisdom that it is possible to reduce exposure to indoor air pollution, improve health outcomes, and … lung functioning or health and there is no change in fuel consumption (and presumably greenhouse gas emissions). The …

runway congestion contributes significantly to local pollution levels and contemporaneous health of residents living nearby … more sensitive to air pollution, we also find significant relationships for the adult population. The health impacts are …

. A natural question is whether further reductions will yield additional health benefits. We further this research by … air pollution levels, and (2) what is the impact of modern air pollution levels on infant health? Our setting is …

to poor health among infants …