information is symmetrically distributed and the scoring bias is set to offset the initial asymmetry between players …--always maximizes the expected total effort. However, the optimal contest may deliberately create bilateral asymmetry--which discloses …

that Japan is not spending much on basic technology development cannot be empirically substantiated from the study of the … technology.The second part of the paper is to show how two countries, one with heavy R&D activities in basic technology (the U ….S.A.)and the other with heavy R&D activities in applied technology(Japan), can compete in the world market with their productivity …

differences defined by technology. In the aggregate time series relative unemployment is defined by educational unemployment … hiring and training response is quicker than the wage response. We also observe in time series that the pace of technology … technology, maturing of the workforce, and growth of international trade reduce unemployment in the longer run. The same …

We estimate the effects of technology investments on the demand for skilled workers using longitudinally integrated … unobservable components within each business for each year from 1992 to 1997. We measure technology using variables from the Annual … between advanced technology and skill in a cross-sectional analysis of businesses in both sectors. The more comprehensive …