politics, given the desire to pass a major spending and tax relief package as quickly as possible. States are important "agents …

making under ambiguity. Focusing on income-tax financed public spending for infrastructure that aims to enhance productivity … planner who has partial knowledge of population preferences and the productivity of spending. This is a problem of decision … preferences and the productivity of public spending …

One possible explanation for the difficulty in controlling the budget is that a major component of spending --tax … expenditures--receives privileged status. It is treated as tax cuts rather than spending. This paper explores the implications of … (too many tax expenditures). The paper then analyzes alternative budgeting approaches that would explicitly incorporate and …

for out-of-pocket health spending. We show how the response of spending to this expansion in the tax preference can be …In this paper, we calculate the consequences for health spending and federal revenues of an above-the-line deduction … compare our estimates to those from other researchers. And, we use our analysis to derive some implications for tax policy …

interest rates for the structure of tax policy. We show that low interest rates (a) reduce the differences between consumption … and income taxes; (b) make wealth taxes less efficient relative to capital income taxes, at given rates of tax; (c) reduce …

This paper explores the changing role of government involvement in health care financing policy outside the United … countries to improve financing incentives and encourage efficient use of health services. In the case of risk pooling, all … goal. Many countries are exploring new ways of generating revenues for health care to enable them to cope with significant …

center of the analysis: productivity shocks, shocks to labor input, and tax policy shocks. While our approach is in line with …

combination of a drop in total factor productivity (TFP) during 1990-92 and of increases in taxes on labor and consumption and …

children respond to healthcare prices. We find that free care significantly increases outpatient spending, with price … short- or medium-term health outcomes. By contrast, inappropriate use of antibiotics and costly after-hours visits increase …