shareholders from the complex, pyramidal, and often obscure corporate structures. First, we show that there are large differences …

GIM Index or the proportion of activist shareholders. Following these special meetings, we find that the next quarter …

with theory of the firm based on conflicts of interests between shareholders and stakeholders, we find that establishments … of firms that experience an increase in ownership by larger and more concentrated institutional shareholders have lower … local labor markets, and for dedicated and activist institutional shareholders. The labor losses are accompanied by higher …

executives and boards, driven in large part by their perceptions of shareholder interest. We quantify the value that shareholders … place on ESG using a revealed preference approach, where shareholders pay higher fees for ESG-oriented index funds in …

responsibility indices. These tests and the most recent proposals data predominantly indicate that shareholders are driven by non … shareholders are willing to sacrifice (or, 'greeniums'), along with the increasing amounts of assets pledged to firms that become …

. In some cases shareholders are pushing companies to take actions that may reduce market value. It is hard to understand …