In this study, we examined the association between girls' participation in high school sports and the physical activity …, weight, body mass and body composition of adolescent females during the 1970s when girls' sports participation was … dramatically increasing as a result of Title IX. We found that increases in girls' participation in high school sports, a proxy for …

rents flow to women's sports and other men's sports and lead to increased spending on facilities, coaches' salaries, and … other athletic department personnel. Using complete roster data for every student-athlete playing sports at these schools in … collective bargaining agreements in professional sports leagues as a benchmark. We also discuss how our results help understand …

Abstract This paper extends the Becker (1968)-Ehrlich (1973) model of crime to allow for government transfers. Using … in turn allows an integration of a crime model with a standard public finance model. Using King et al. (1988) preferences … that policies undertaken with the intent of deterring crime may, unintuitively, lead to an increase in crime. This provides …

deterrence' to crime: the threat of future adverse effects on employment payoffs when caught committing crimes reduces the … dynamic deterrence will be less effective in fighting crime. This suggests that prevention is more powerful than redemption …

A strong, negative empirical correlation exists between arrest rates and reported crime rates. While this relationship …, and/or a spurious correlation that would be induced by measurement error in reported crime rates. This paper attempts to … arrest rates and crime. Using a modified version of the techniques of Griliches and Hausman (1986) for dealing with …