Trade liberalisation is often characterised as either preferential or non-discriminatory but not all preferential trade agreements are the same. We focus on non-tariff measures that can constitute barriers to trade and that differ between free-trade agreements (FTAs) and customs unions (CUs). In...

The impact of technological progress on jobs and wages has been subject to much empirical and some theoretical work. However, most of this literature has not addressed the general equilibrium interplay between the productive factors that are affected, the sectors in which these factors are used,...

This paper derives optimal trade and domestic taxes for a small open economy containing a monopolistically competitive (MC) sector in which firms may have heterogeneous productivity levels. Analysis encompasses cases in which the domestic MC sector is able to expand or contract flexibly, or is...