Over the years a large number of empirical studies have investigated the effects of monetary factors on various forms of private expenditure. This article surveys the evidence which has accumulated with a view to throwing some light on the basic issue of how, and how strongly, monetary policies...

This article discusses the experience to date with monetary targets. The first section briefly surveys the historical background to the adoption of monetary targets and gives a résumé of monetary policy during the last three years. Without delving deeply into the subtleties of the complicated...