distinctive limit between an area with sand coverage, vegetation destruction, and soil erosion on the one hand, and the unaffected … natural vegetation on the other. This distinction provides a good landmark to map the inundation width, delimited on the … landward side by a trimline. In this study, older trimlines, dating back about 300 years, from tsunamis that occurred …

using a hydraulic flume with a mangrove forest model was carried out in which tests were conducted by varying the vegetation … ratio of 1:100. Two conditions of water levels were considered in the experiments at several tsunami wave heights between 2 ….4 and 14 cm. The dam break method used in the experiments produced two types of waves. At low water condition, a bore was …

pole mounted sirens has been used to provide an early public alert of future tsunamis. However, studies in the 1960s showed … systematically with understanding of the meaning of the sirens. An additional issue is that warning times for tsunamis generated … warning signs of such tsunamis may provide the earliest warning to residents. Analysis of a survey subgroup from Hilo suggests …

Tsunamis and intense tropical storms compete as viable mechanisms for catastrophic marine inundations of coastlines …