implicit differential taxation of savings motives and the mandatory annuitization of withdrawals after retirement. The … simulations performed for the German economy indicate that the differential taxation of savings motives has only modest efficiency …

directly translate in additional retirement savings. We show that the annuity stream generated by conventional and … unconventional accounts from age 65 onwards is small and that most savings are residual and are not being put aside for a specific … motive. Also self-employed retirement savings are low, even though this group has generally no occupational pension …

-in-differences analyses, to determine the displacement effects. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we merge pension funds … expected to hold less precautionary savings …

total household savings for renters. The effect is identified via a large panel of individual administrative records …. We find little substitutability between current mandatory labour market pension savings and private voluntary savings …. Each euro paid into mandatory labour market pension accounts results in a reduction in private savings of approximately 0 …

in real estate. In countries where retirement savings are not mandatory for self-employed, representatives of this group … often report this as an argument against making retirement savings compulsory. Our study shows that self-employed retirement … savings are low and below individually pre-stated saving intentions, even though this group has generally no occupational …