Detailed analyses and comparisons of urban travel forecasts prepared by applying the state-of-practice sequential procedure and the solution of a combined network equilibrium model are presented. The sequential procedure for solving the trip distribution, mode choice and assignment problems with...

The historical origins, development and application of traffic network equilibrium models with variable origin–destination flows are examined in this review. The original formulation and analysis of this model during 1952–1955 by Beckmann, McGuire and Winsten at the Cowles Commission for...