The rise of alternative trading systems has created a dual system, with heavily regulated exchanges on the one hand, and almost unregulated alternative trading systems on the other hand. The European Union has responded to this development by enacting Directive 2004/39/EC on markets in financial...

This article examines the current regulation of branches of foreign companies in Union law and in the laws of five Member States. First there is an examination of how the Member States regulate when foreign companies can and must register a branch, and it is shown that the lack of a definition...

The Market Abuse Directive comprises two very important instruments to make the securities markets function efficiently: a continuous disclosure obligation and a prohibition against insider dealing. The Directive is currently under reform and will be replaced by a Market Abuse Regulation....

With the adoption of Directive 2013/50/EU, the Member States have been required to introduce the sanction of suspending the exercise of the voting rights of shareholders who fail to notify their major shareholdings in accordance with the national rules that implement the Transparency Directive...

Corporate groups have been the subject of much research and debate, but mostly focussing on the position of the controlled company, e.g. the subsidiaries. There has been less focus on the legal position of the parent company in a group and the position of stakeholders in the parent company. To...

Promoting entrepreneurship is high on the agenda both at European and national levels. This is reflected in a number of company law initiatives which have mainly been focused on creating easier and cheaper access to limited liability. However, the question is whether it is possible to promote...