In this paper we analyze the response of career, employment and wage of native Europeans to immigration. We then ask … flexible labor markets in a country are a key factor to have employment upgrading in response to immigration. … labor market. We find no evidence of an increased likelihood of non-employment or geographical mobility. We find that more …

effect of the inflows of immigrants on their career, employment and wages. We use the 1991 distribution of immigrants by …

policies to include employment and income distribution effects, reduced air pollution and the achievement of environmental and …