indirect effects often involve market distortions. By contrast, the literature is broadly united on the benefits of competition … for productivity and innovation. This review finds that the most successful industrial policies reinforce competition …, suggesting that competition policy and certain types of industrial policy can be crafted as complements …

economic growth. In general, Mexico's federal government has a solid competition policy framework in place. Subnational …-oriented engagement on competition policy at the subnational level. WBG engaged to motivate an actionable reform plan that can unlock … competition in key markets at the local level. This note discusses the main findings of the WBG's markets and competition policy …

The objective of this report is to identify existing regulatory restraints to competition in key sectors and the … economy as a whole and use them to design an effective competition policy for the Philippines. The report builds on Product … Market Regulation (PMR) indicators and the WBG's Markets and Competition Policy Assessment Tool (MCPAT) applied to the …

This policy note has been produced under the competition reform assessment ASA with the objective of identifying key … constraints to competition in Armenia and providing recommendations on a set of actionable reforms that could help foster market … contestability and competition in key sectors and across the economy. In particular, the policy note seeks to identify a menu of …

anticompetitive behavior and restrictive regulatory frameworks by a fewdominant players. Effective competition policies offer a tool … to complement and support governments' efforts to reduce barriers to trade. Active competition among market players has … competition within national markets reinforces international competitiveness of potential exporters through increased incentives …

This paper discusses the current state of product market competition in Iceland, including the legal and regulatory … competition law since the early 1990s have strengthened competitive forces in many sectors of the economy, and proposed amendments … have helped vigorous competition to develop in most segments, but there remain problems in pricing of access to the local …

This paper examines the strength of product market competition and economic performance in Canada and discusses way in … which the institutional framework governing competition policy could be improved. Competitive forces are comparatively … strong and administrative and economic regulations inhibiting competition are amongst the lowest in the OECD countries …

Empirical work shows that competition is important for promoting economic growth. However, in Japan the promotion of … competition has long been compromised by ministerial guidance and exemptions from the competition law. Thus, the level and growth … Japanese economy had difficulty in coming out of the quasi-stagnation of the past decade. Recognising that gains from more pro-competition …

policies, a number of challenges remain. Although there are few sectors of the economy from which competition policy and law … competition enforcement. Intellectual property rights create special challenges for competition policy and some problems have … setbacks, reflecting both the difficulties in ensuring competition in such industries and policy mistakes. …