China’s exceptional economic expansion has led to rising energy demand and pollution as well as other environmental …-and-control measures ought to make way gradually for well-implemented market-based approaches. Energy and water pricing need to be reformed …

Since around 2007, the country has been enjoying an “energy renaissance” thanks to its abundant stocks of shale oil and …

poverty and inequality. Such subsidies should be gradually removed. In the energy sector, reforms are needed in order to allow …

for a cleaner energy mix. Furthermore, additional production will soon come on stream, and there is a reasonable chance of … longstanding due to sluggish reform away from monopoly provision by the state-owned incumbent. As elsewhere, energy use has …, which relies primarily on energy-efficiency measures and an increase in the share of renewable-electricity product. This …

Outlook to explain recent developments in core inflation, excluding food and energy, based on developments in measures of … economic slack (the output gap), spill-over effects from energy prices onto core inflation and lagged responses to past … inflation via expectations formation. The fact that the knock-on effects from energy shocks onto core inflation appear small in …

growth-led demand for oil, particularly that emanating from fast-growing, energy-intensive developing countries, and the …