-of-return regulation is generally thought to result in overinvestment, while incentive regulation is believed to entail underinvestment …. Yet, previous empirical work has generally found that the introduction of incentive regulation has not systematically …-of-return regulation because investment decisions (what can be included in the rate base) are usually evaluated in a discretionary manner …

Much scope remains to make regulation of product markets more conducive to competition ? notwithstanding progress in … objectives in energy market regulation could be achieved at lower cost. In the telecommunications industry, competition in the … local loop can be strengthened. Regulation of the liberal professions is among the most restrictive in the OECD. Entry …

The paper looks at patterns of regulation in service industries and explores their implications for service performance …. Focusing on restrictions to market mechanisms, a map of the state of service regulation in OECD countries is provided, based on … regulation can encourage competition, efficiency and investment in those segments of the service industries where non …

; iii) abolishing overly prescriptive regulation in the retail sector; and iv) removing unnecessary protection in some …

price levels, industrial concentration and product market regulation — and it discusses the appropriateness of the …