Countries embarking on trade negotiations are not only seeking increased market access, but also, reduced market … trade agreements (RTAs) concluded by OECD and large emerging economies over the last decade. While there is a lively … discussion on strengthening transparency in the World Trade Organization (WTO), scant attention has been paid to the evolution of …

What influences the adoption of transparency obligations in trade agreements, and what are its effects? This paper uses … a new dataset on transparency provisions in over a hundred regional trade agreements (RTAs) to provide empirical … evidence of the political economy determinants of international transparency commitments, as well as the trade impact of …

Dynamic gains from trade can be an important conduit for increased firm-level innovation and productivity, both key … components of economic growth. This paper builds on previous research on the dynamic gains from trade by moving beyond a single … gains through the import of intermediate inputs and capital goods and systematically explores the specific impacts of non-trade …

Trade logistics facilitate trade. Quality logistics services play an important role in facilitating the transportation … of international trade in goods: inefficient logistics services impede trade by imposing an extra cost in terms of time … that trade logistics play in the volume and value of international trade and the extent to which poor quality logistics …

3D printing technologies have attracted the attention of the trade policy community for their potential to disrupt … international trade. It is argued that greater cross-border exchange in design files for local printing may lead to less trade in …, proxied by measures of imports of 3D printers, appears to be complementary to goods trade. On average, an increase of around …

Services play a more important role in trade and employment in the United Kingdom than in most other OECD countries …. The UK services sector is supported by an open and transparent trade regime, policies that support competition and …, certain barriers to services trade remain. This report sheds light on the role of services trade in the UK economy, describing …

action across a wide range of areas, including increasing their participation in international trade. Although trade policies … channels and interactions between trade and gender for women as workers, consumers, and business owners shows that: (i) trade … often in services; (ii) trade lowers prices for consumers, which particularly increases the purchasing power of more …

unilateral mechanisms, plurilateral arrangements, and trade agreements. This paper identifies the commonalities …

market openness and rule-making for services trade. Recent RTAs are breaking down existing barriers: on average, removing …The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have increased markedly over the last decade, with many addressing … applied services regimes. When measured against the benchmark of commitments in the General Agreement on Trade in Services …

Rules affecting digital trade are complex and spread across a diverse set of issues and fora. This paper provides an … resources towards enabling more informed discussions on digital trade. Additionally, the Inventory shows that there is already … substantial uptake of instruments on issues related to digital trade among participants to the JSI discussions. Furthermore, many …