This work is a compilation of studies produced at the Social Studies Department - Disoc/Ipea to support the elaboration of the document "Brazil: the state of the Union - 2007". Health outcomes in the last decades, health policies after 1988 and the role of the government in health care are...

Fixed Capital has a major role in economic growth literature and on the estimation of potential output using a production function - which is essential to design macroeconomic policy. One of the main contributions of this work, differently from the previous works, is to estimate the capital...

In this article, the rape notifications registered in Brazil between 2011 and 2014 were analyzed based on data from the Notifiable Conditions Information System (Sinan) of the Ministry of Health. The phenomenon was also characterized according to these administrative records. More specifically,...

We evaluate the efficiency of expenditure in health care provision by comparing various output measures (life expectancy; infant survival rate; years of life recovered from diseases; population; area) from the health system of Brazilian and OECD countries with an expenditure measure (health...

Different conceptions about distribution criteria in health services are discussed based on the notion of fairness, and in the assumption that health requirements are simultaneously social security needs. Issues of equity and limits in distribution of health services are highlighted as they are...

Health care, including access to medicines, is granted as a citizen's right by the Brazilian Constitution through a national health system called Unified Health System (SUS). The Pharmaceutical Care Programmes of SUS are, quite often, the only way a large part of the population has to obtain...

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) came into force in 1995 in the ambit of the World Trade Organization (WTO). TRIPS obliges WTO country members to adopt higher standards of patent protection and, as a consequence, increases the costs of access to...

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, governments mobilized scientists to help them design, implement and evaluate policies. These scientists analysed the available scientific evidence and worked to incorporate it into policies, being in this way an essential interface between governments and...