The information transferred in the form of orders between the nodes of a supply chain tends to be distorted when it moves from downstream to upstream. This phenomenon is called as bullwhip effect and this research is aimed to analyze this effect deeply in a single input single output (SISO)...

The conflict between economic optimization and environmental protection has received wide attention in recent research programs for waste management system planning. This has also resulted in a set of new waste management goals in reverse logistics system planning. The purpose of this analysis...