Experience shows that there is often ample room for more effective and efficient use of investment tax incentives in low-income countries. Tax incentives generally rank low in investment climate surveys in low-income countries, and there are many examples in which they are reported to be...

For almost a century, the Dominican Republic has faced considerable governance and corruption challenges. High levels of corruption were present long time ago, and still prevail today, even if their characteristics and manifestations have changed. Rule of law has been weak for a long time, and...

This publication lends itself to careful perusal as well as quick reference. An executive summary enumerates the main points, and callouts in the main text summarize the key messages of individual pages. The report provides an in-depth discussion and further detail, and text boxes, figures, and...

Economic shocks and crises typically lead to a sharp increase in government expenditure arrears with corrosive effects on the economy. In order to assess the evolution of government expenditure arrears during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, the World Bank collected information on public...

This report is the outcome of a study of public spending and service delivery issues in Papua New Guinea (PNG) undertaken as part of the work on the PNG Poverty Assessment. The study itself is the result of a collaborative effort involving several agencies and organizations including the...

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic introduced tremendous fiscal pressures for many countries, requiring additional spending to mitigate the health, economic, and social impacts of the pandemic while government revenues are falling. Governments are addressing these fiscal pressures through a...

The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) has a very narrow production base, with subsistence agriculture and fisheries and the public sectors dominating the economy, both with regard to employment and value added. The contribution of institutional sectors to growth suggests that private...

The aim of this technical note is to shed some light on relationship between labor market institutions and labor market outcomes in the member states of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in North America and East Asia; the New Member States of the European Union who...

Transport is a key component to climate solution and therefore, pivotal to reach benchmarks established by the ambitious Paris Agreement. We have the technology, tools, and opportunities to advance markets, unlock investments, and scale up action. The climate action pathway - transport provides...

Export led growth remains a critical route out of poverty for many least developed countries (LDCs). But in a world increasingly concerned about climate change and the contribution of international trade to global warming will measures being considered to mitigate emissions hurt the export...