The 1930s witnessed an intense struggle between gas and electricity suppliers for the working class market, where the incumbent utility--gas--was also a reasonably efficient (and cheaper) General Purpose Technology for most domestic uses. Local monopolies for each supplier boosted substitution...

It is widely believed that higher education academic salaries are too low, and that this may lead to a 'brain drain' and also lower quality in higher education, as universities fail to attract the 'brightest and the best'. We compare the salaries of higher education teaching professionals in the...