This note presents a financial tracking methodology developed by the World Bank's Indonesia country team. Following the tsunami and the subsequent earthquakes in Nias (2005) and Yogyakarta (2006), the team has produced several reconstruction finance updates and monitored the sources and uses of...

This note presents the methodology and findings of a field study on the financing needs of Madagascar's communes-the country's lowest but most institutionally advanced level of subnational government. Following a first round of municipal elections in 1995, more than 1,500 communes are now...

Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys (PETS) can serve as a powerful tool to inform prevailing public financial management (PFM) practices and the extent to which government budgets link to execution and desired service delivery objectives and beneficiaries. Since the first PETS in Uganda in 1996,...