Using the uniform most powerful unbiased test, we observed the sales distribution of consumer electronics in Japan on a daily basis and report that it follows both a lognormal distribution and a power-law distribution and depends on the state of the market. We show that these switches occur...

Pareto's law states that the distribution of personal income obeys a power-law in the high income range. Its dynamical nature has been little studied hitherto, mostly due to the lack of empirical work. Using an exhaustive list of taxpayers in Japan for two consecutive years, when the economy was...

We find that area and population distributions of nations follow an inverse power-law, as is known for cities, but with a different exponent. To interpret this result, we develop a growth model based on the geometrical properties of partitioning of the plane. The substantial agreement between...

We study multiplicative and affine sequences of real numbers defined byN(j+1)=ζ(j)N(j)+η(j),where {ζ(j)} and {η(j)} are sequences of positive real numbers (in the multiplicative case η(j)=0 for all j). We investigate the conditions under which the leading digits k of {N(j)} have the...

We study the finite-size effects in some scaling systems, and show that the finite number of agents N leads to a cut-off in the upper value of the Pareto law for the relative individual wealth. The exponent α of the Pareto law obtained in stochastic multiplicative market models is crucially...

In this paper we report the existence of long-range memory in the opening moves of a chronologically ordered set of chess games using an extensive chess database. We used two mapping rules to build discrete time series and analyzed them using two methods for detecting long-range correlations;...

This paper formulates a random-growth urban model with a notion of geographical fitness. Using techniques of complex-network theory, we study our system as a type of preferential-attachment model with fitness, and we analyze its macro behavior to clarify the properties of the city-size...

We study the validity of Zipf’s Law in a data set of Chinese city sizes for the years 1999–2004, when the numbers of cities remain almost constant after a rapid urbanization process during the period of the market-oriented economy and reform-open policy. Previous investigations are...

We study the applicability of the q-exponential function for the distribution of family names. We mainly focus on the rank-size distribution of Japanese family names. The result supports the fact that the q-exponential distribution is relevant to the distribution of family names that is...

In this paper, we analyze statistical properties of English and Chinese written human language within the framework of weighted complex networks. The two language networks are based on an English novel and a Chinese biography, respectively, and both of the networks are constructed in the same...