Some universal features are independent of both the social nature of the individuals making the decision and the nature of the decision itself. On this basis a simple magnet like model is built. Pair interactions are introduced to measure the degree of exchange among individuals while...

Percolation thresholds (average number of connections per object) of two models of anisotropic three-dimensional (3D) fracture networks made of mono-disperse hexagons have been calculated numerically. The first model is when the fracture networks are comprised of two groups of fractures that are...

We investigate the effect of reaction-time delay of drivers upon traffic flow analytically and numerically. We extend the optimal velocity difference model by taking reaction-time delay of drivers into account. The stability condition is obtained. The Burgers, Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) and...

A one-dimensional (1D) system obeying the Hubble expansion is studied numerically using an N-body code. The rescaling of both space and time changes the dynamics which, in the rescaled frame, is analogous to the dynamics of a 1D one-component plasma with the addition of a friction term. We start...