This paper discusses the wealth distribution in a finite-sized closed economic system, where each agent may choose one amongst the four strategies: hawk, defect, cooperate and dove. When two agents encounter, exchange of the wealth is decided by the rules defined. The simulation results show...

We investigate the effects of delaying the time to recovery (delayed recovery) and of nonuniform transmission on the propagation of diseases on structured populations. Through a mean-field approximation and large-scale numerical simulations, we find that postponing the transition from the...

A fundamental question of human society is the evolution of cooperation. Many previous studies explored this question via setting spatial background, where players obtain their payoffs by playing game with their nearest neighbors. Another undoubted fact is that the environment plays an important...

In real societies, whether an individual participates in unpromising interactions sometimes is a probabilistic option instead of an all-or-nothing option, changing according to the risk of interactions. Inspired by this, we introduce an imitation-induced adjustment mechanism of individual...

Selection of the competition opponent is crucial for the evolution of cooperation in evolutionary games. In this work, we introduce a simple rule, incorporating individual popularity via the single parameter α, to study how the selection of the potential strategy sources influences individual...

Co-operation is a key factor in understanding the evolution of our society. Inspired by this issue, the individual mobility in game theory has been proved to be a very useful scenario. However, it is not realistic, as described in previous studies, that each agent has the same influence on its...

In this paper, we propose a modified fitness evaluation mechanism, which integrates the environmental factors into the focal player’s fitness calculation, to investigate the evolution of cooperative behaviors in the prisoner’s dilemma game. Here, the fitness of a player is computed by...

We use cellular automata simulation methods to study the competition between two languages (language A and B). We assume each of the two languages consists of F independent features and define an individual as two F-length “identity level” integer strings. The value of each integer of the...