An existing cellular automaton evacuation model is modified to simulate an evacuation experiment conducted in a classroom with obstacles. In the modified model, the impact of the occupant density around exits on human behavior in evacuation is considered. The simulation and experimental results...

A model for describing the evolution process of disasters, especially for disaster causality networks with cycle chains, has been developed. In the model, the impacts from the causative nodes, self-recovery behaviors, repair by government, internal noise and impacts outside the system have been...

Occupant behavior which is very complex affects evacuation efficiency and route choice a lot. The psychology and behavior of going with the crowd is very common in daily life and also in occupant evacuation. In this paper, a two-dimensional Cellular Automata model is applied to simulate the...

A force-driving cellular automata model considering the social force on cell movement, such as the desirous willing of a pedestrian to exit, the repulsive interaction among pedestrians or between pedestrians and obstacles, was set up to investigate the evacuation behaviors of pedestrians at a...

It has been hard to model a crowd evacuation process considering different walking abilities using a synchronous cellular automaton. That is because the cross and the overlaps of routes have to be taken into consideration and the conflicts resolution between pedestrians is more complex. However,...

People prefer to walk on the right-hand side of the road for physical and social reasons. In this paper, pedestrian counter-flow in a channel is simulated with the Cellular Automata (CA) Model, with focus on right-preference. Two types of pedestrians are taken into account, walking leftward and...

A two-dimensional Cellular Automata model is proposed to simulate the exit dynamics of occupant evacuation. Concerning the exit width and the door separation, we put forward some useful standpoints: (1) exit width should be bigger than a critical value, and the door separation should be neither...

The pedestrian movement is more complex than vehicular flow for the reason that people are more flexible and intelligent than cars. Without the limit of “lanes” pedestrian movement is loose and free. Furthermore, they are easily affected by other walkers as well as the environment around. In...